At pilot- or full-scale treatment, cometabolic and direct dechlorination may be indistinguishable, and both processes may contribute to contaminant removal.

Cometabolic dechlorination does not appear to produce energy for the organism. In this case, contaminants are degraded by microbial enzymes that are metabolizing other organic substrates. This can sometimes be reversed by adding oxygen in the form of air (air sparging, bioventing), ozone, or slow oxygen release compound (e.g., ORC(r)).Īerobic dechlorination may also occur via cometabolism where the dechlorination is incidental to the metabolic activities of the organisms. Degradation of contaminants that are susceptible to aerobic degradation but not anaerobic often ceases in the vicinity of the source zone because of oxygen depletion. The bacteria uses a carbon substrate as the electron donor and oxygen as the electron acceptor. Technical and Technology Support ServicesĪerobic: Direct aerobic metabolism involves microbial reactions that require oxygen to go forward.Measurement and Monitoring Technologies for the 21st Century (21M 2).Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable.Triad: A Smarter Solution to Site Cleanup.High-Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC).Global Efforts to Advance Remediation at Contaminated Sites.Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs).Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS).Dense Nonaqueous Phase Liquids (DNAPLs).

Chromium charge 6